Learn more about Emodin

  Emodin is a chemo-preventive phyto-chemical from the Aloe cactus plant.
it is known to block the NF-kB activation process. NF-kB is a cellular regulatory protein that function in cell events requiring cell survival and propagation. Upon activation, NF-kB is translocated to the nucleus, where it induces the expression of more than 200 genes that have been shown to suppress apoptosis and induce cellular transformation, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, chemo-resistance, radio-resistance, and inflammation.
    Thus, although the maintenance of appropriate levels of NF-kB activity is crucial for normal cellular proliferation constitutive NF- kB activation is involved in the enhanced growth properties as seen in several cancers. Dietary intake of Emodin and other safe and non-toxic chemo- preventives may thus be beneficial for patients whose tumors express persistently high levels of activated NF-kB such as non-small cell lung carcinoma, thyroid, colon, breast, stomach, squamous head and neck carcinomas.

                                                      Learn more about Silymarin

 Silymarin OR   Silibinin
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia)
Silymarin is extracted from milk thistle and artichokes and is useful for the treatment of liver disorders and toxicity due to mushroom poisoning and alcohol.
Silymarin is among the popular complementary medicine for the treatment of cancer. Its use has included treatment of varicose veins, menstrual problems, depression, and low breast milk production but the most valuable use of milk thistle-derived silymarin is as a liver supporter to prevent and treat cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, and gall bladder problems.
A recent study suggested that silymarin may help diabetic patients in blood sugar control.

References
    * Morazzoni P., Bombardelli E. (1994). Silybum marianum (cardus marianus) Fitoterapia 66:3-42.
    * Saller R., Meier R., Brignoli R. (2001) The use of silymarin in the treatment of liver diseases. Drugs, 61(14), 2035-63.
    * Huseini, H.F: The Efficacy of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (Silymarin) in the Treatment of Type II Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Clinical Trial. Phytotherapy Research.

http://silymarin.com/

                                                      Learn more about Ursolic Acid

Ursolic Acid  & Oleanolic acid.            
Ursolic Acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid. It can be found in many plants including, apple, basil, bilberry, cranberry, elder flower, peppermint, lavender, oregano, thyme, and prunes. Ursolic acid and its isomer, oleanolic acid have been recommended for skin cancer therapy in China. Topical cosmetic preparations containing ursolic acid/ oleanolic acid have been patented in China for the prevention of topical skin cancer. and inhibited skin cancer -induced in mice. These substances are of considerable interest for potential health benefits, including protective effects against development of cancer, inhibition of existing tumor cells, protection against chemotherapy and radiation therapy adverse effects, anti-inflammatory activity,

                                          Learn more about ß-Carotene

β-Carotene is the more common form and can be found in yellow, orange, and green leafy fruits and vegetables. As a rule of thumb, the greater the intensity of the orange color of the fruit or vegetable, the more β-carotene it contains.

Beta Carotene and Cognition

A recent report demonstrated that 50mg of beta carotene every other day prevented cognitive decline in a study of over 4000 physicians at a mean treatment duration of 18 years

A review of all randomized controlled trials in the scientific literature by the Cochrane Collaboration published in JAMA in 2007 found that beta carotene increased mortality by 5% (Relative Risk 1.05, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.08]

                                                    Learn more about Capsaicin

A wide variety of phenolic substances present in dietary and medicinal plants possess striking antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties which contribute to their cancer chemopreventive potential. The pungent vanilloids in red pepper and ginger and diarylheptanoids isolated from certain medicinal plants of ginger family. These phenolic substances have the ability to inhibit mouse skin tumor promotion and to abrogate various biochemical processes induced or mediated by the tumor promoters and induce apoptosis in premalignant or cancerous cells.


Asian and Latin Diets with Chili

It has long been noted that in Thailand, where lots of spicy food is consumed, there is very low incidence of gastrointestinal cancers, including colorectal and stomach cancers, compared to the rest of Asia, including Japan and China. Mexico also has low rates of the same cancers compared to the USA. Several recent studies have shown that capsaicin may actually prevent the growth of certain types of cancer. In particular, there have been several clinical studies conducted in Japan and China that showed natural capsaicin directly inhibits the growth of leukemic cells. Although these studies used pure capsaicin directly injected into isolated diseased cells in a laboratory setting, scientists have also concluded that daily consumption of hot peppers (thus capsaicin) may actually prevent certain types of cancer. Throughout South America, intestinal, stomach, and colon cancer rates are very low compared to the United States.

                              Learn more about Anethol

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), is a member of the carrot family, along with dill, caraway and anise. The delicate, blue-green leaf segments have a pungent scent, somewhat similar to licorice, and an anise-like flavor due to the phytochemical anethol, also a primary constituent of anise oil.
        Fennel has been widely used in culinary and medicinal preparations for centuries.
The herb acts as a carminative, and was traditionally employed as a digestive aid and remedy for flatulence. A hot water extraction of the dried seeds is used as an anti-spasmodic to ease stomach pains and speed up the digestion of fatty foods. The hot water extraction of fennel is a proven remedy for colic in infants, and is also used for coughs and colds, exerting a calming influence on the bronchial tissues and acts as an expectorant  to loosen phlegm in the lungs. A leaf and seed tea has been used to expel hookworm and kill intestinal bacteria.

               Learn more about Garlic supplements

Traditional British herbalism used garlic for hoarseness and coughs, both as a syrup and in a salve made of garlic and lard, which was rubbed on the chest and back.The Cherokee also used it as an expectorant for coughs and croup.

Allium sativum has been found to reduce platelet aggregation and hyperlipidemia.[19][20]

Garlic is also alleged to help regulate blood sugar levels. Regular and prolonged use of therapeutic amounts of aged garlic extracts lower blood homocysteine levels, and has shown to prevent some complications of diabetes mellitus.
Allium sativum may also possess cancer-fighting properties due to the presence of allylic sulfur compounds such as diallyl disulfide (DADs), believed to be an anticarcinogen. In modern naturopathy, garlic is used as a treatment for intestinal worms and other intestinal parasites, both orally and as an anal suppository. Garlic cloves are used as a remedy for infections (especially chest problems), digestive disorders, and fungal infections such as thrush.

            Learn more about Gingerol

Ginger is the common name for the monocotyledonous perennial plant . The term is used to describe the edible part of the plant that is the most commonly used spice throughout the world. "Ginger root", the edible section is actually the horizontal subterranean stem or rhizome of the plant. The ginger plant has a long history of cultivation known to originate in China and then spread to India, South east Asia, West Africa, and the Caribbean
In 2006, the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center released details regarding its ongoing investigation of ginger as a treatment and preventative for both ovarian and colon cancers. In laboratory studies, the powdered form of the root was dissolved in a solution and applied to ovarian cancer cells, directly resulting in the death of every single cancer cell line tested. Two types of cancer cell death, both apoptosis (the suicide of cancer cells) and autophagy (cancer cells digesting or attacking themselves) were reported.

Resveratrol  extends lifespan in animals.
          Learn more about Polyphenols, disease prevention and longevity 
 
   During the past decade, Resveratrol has  been shown to extend the lifespan of evolutionarily distant species including yeast [S. cerevisiae], worms [ C. elegans ], insects-flies [D. melanogaster], vertebrate fish[N. furzeri], and most recently mice [Nov, 2006] [10]. The mice were made obese on a high calorie diet that shortens their expected lifespan. Most importantly, the quality of life in the treated species was reported to be consistently maintained and even improved, and in mice and fish the motor skills and/or motor activity was significantly increased. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of  resveratrol extends even further as it is effective against numerous, disparate diseases including esophageal, breast, and liver cancers [14,15] oral herpes [16] chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [17] and hyperlipidemia [18]. Resveratrol  has a  potency in mice studies on longevity at 5-25 mg/kg body weight.
10. Baur, JA, Pet.al. Resveratrol improves health and survival of mice on a high-calorie diet. Nature. 2006.  444  337-342
14. Bhat, K.P., Pezzuto, J.M., 2002. Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 957, 210–229.
15. Jang, M.,et al. 1997. Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes. Science 275, 218– 220.
16. Docherty, J.J., et al.  1999. Effect of topically applied resveratrol on cutaneous herpes simplex virus infections in hairless mice. Antivir. Res. 61, 19–26. Docherty, J.J.,  Smith, J.S., Fu, M.M., Stoner, T., Booth, T.,  2004. Effect of topically applied resveratrol on cutaneous herpes simplex virus infections in hairless mice. Antivir. Res. 61, 19–26.
17. Culpitt, S.V., et al., 2003. Inhibition by red wine extract, resveratrol, of cytokine release by alveolar macrophages in COPD. Thorax 58, 942–946.
18. Miura, D.,et al., 2003. Hypolipidemic action of dietary resveratrol, a phytoalexin in grapes and red wine, in hepatoma-bearing rats. Life Sci. 73, 1393–1400.

          Learn more about Scyllo-Inositol  & Alzheimer's disease

          Learn more about Honokiol and the inhibition of cancer proeses l

Honokiol (C₁₈H₁₈O₂) is a biphenolic molecule present in the cones, bark, and leaves of Magnolia grandifloris that has been used in the traditional Japanese medicine Saiboku-to as an anxiolytic, anti-thrombotic, anti-depressant, anti-emetic, and anti-bacterial. While early research on the effective compounds in traditional remedies have simply used whole magnolia bark extracts, known as houpu magnolia, recent work has identified honokiol and its structural isomer magnolol as the active compounds in magnolia bark. In the late 1990's, honokiol saw a revival in western countries as a potent and highly tolerable anti-tumorigenic and neurotrophic compound.

                                                         Learn more about Indole-3-Carbinol

Load up on broccoli and its cruciferous relatives – cauliflower, kale, cabbage, brussels sprouts and bok choy.
 Researchers at Johns Hopkins University recently discovered that an extract derived from newly sprouted broccoli seeds reduced skin redness and damage by more than one-third as compared to untreated skin. Six people were tested with different doses of the extract on several small patches of skin, which were then exposed to UV radiation sufficient to cause varying degrees of sunburn. At the highest doses, the extract reduced redness and swelling by approximately 37 percent. The benefits were long-lasting, with notable effects lasting two days after treatment. While sunscreen blocks, absorbs or scatters ultraviolet rays, the broccoli extract actually helped boost the production of protective enzymes that defend against UV damage.

Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the U.S., affecting more than 1 million Americans every year and causing more than 10,000 deaths per year. Scientists are hopeful that broccoli and its cruciferous relatives may play a role in protecting against UV exposure.

                                                                    Learn more about Ellagic Acid
Drink pomegranate juice
Some say this luscious, lusty red fruit is Eve's original apple, but what the pomegranate truly banishes is cancer risk. The fruit's deep red juice contains polyphenols, isoflavones, and ellagic acid, elements researchers believe make up a potent anticancer combo. It's been shown to delay the growth of prostate cancer in mice, and it stabilizes PSA levels in men who've been treated for prostate cancer. And now University of Wisconsin at Madison researchers have learned that pomegranate may also inhibit lung-cancer growth. If you currently smoke, have smoked in the past, or hang around in smoky places (Cleveland, for instance), the juice of the fruit could bolster your defenses.   The mice in the Wisconsin study received the human equivalent of 16 ounces of juice per day, so quaff accordingly.

             Learn more about Isoflavones and Soy-based nutritionals

Soy isoflavones including genistein, daidzein, and glycitein, mainly derived from soybean have been found to inhibit cancer growth in vivo and in vitro. Soy isoflavones I3C and its in vivo dimeric product DIM, produced from naturally occurring glucosinolates in the family Cruciferae, have shown the inhibition of cancer cell growth through the modulation of genes that are related to the control of cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, signal transduction, onco-genesis, and transcription regulation.

Fisetin.                                                             Learn more about Fisetin
    A wide range of flavonoids are available and have been tested for neurotrophic activity, most do not induce differentiation of nerve cells. The  flavonoid, 3,7,3 ,4–tetrahydroxyflavone, “fisetin”, shows significantly greater efficacy than any of the others in promoting the differentiation of nerve cells [19] and in its ability to protect nerve cells from oxidative stress-induced death [6]. Thus, fisetin has several of the properties of classical neurotrophic factors. Studies of the intracellular activity of Fisetin have indicated that this flavone may induce cellular structural changes in nerves that facilitate long-term potentiation [LTP] in rat hippocampal slices, that underlie the development of long-term memory. This fact was recently confirmed  using biochemical, electrophysiological, and behavioral assays that indeed establish that fisetin treatment can stimulate signaling pathways leading to the enhancement of memory, Fisetin has functional effects on nerve cells both in vitro and in vivo, acting not only to increase nerve cell survival [19] and differentiation [6] but also to enhance long-term memory as judged by object recognition in mice. The dosages are  acceptable as nutraceutical supplements.
6. K. Ishige, et al. Flavonoids protect neuronal cells from oxidative stress by three distinct mechanisms, Free Radical Biology and Medicine 30 (2001) 433-446. D. Schubert, and D. Piasecki, Oxidative glutamate toxicity can be a component of the excitotoxicity cascade, Journal of Neuroscience 21 (2001) 7455-7462.
7. Lee, H.H; et al. Differential effects of natural polyphenols on neuronal survival in primary cultured central neurons against glutamate & glucose deprivation-induced neuronal death, Brain Res 986 (2003) 103-113.
8.  Pamela Maher, et al.  Flavonoid fisetin promotes ERK-dependent long-term potentiation and enhances memory. PNAS 2006. 103; 16568-73.  Maher, P. A comparison of the neurotrophic activities of the flavonoid fisetin and some of its derivatives. Free Rad. Res. 2006. 40, 1105.
19. Sagara Y, et al.P. Induction of PC12 cell differentiation by flavonoids is dependent upon extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation J Neurochem 2004.  90:1144–1155.
 

                                                                 Learn more about Catechins

Over the last few decades green tea has begun to be subjected to many scientific and medical studies to determine the extent of its long purported health benefits, with some evidence suggesting regular green tea drinkers may have lower chances of heart disease and contracting certain types of cancer.
    * Stopping certain neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
    * The prevention and treatment of cancer
    * Treating multiple sclerosis
    * Preventing the degradation of cell membranes by neutralizing the spread of free radicals which occur during oxidation process.
    * Reducing the negative effects of LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol) by lowering levels of triglycerides and increasing the production of HDL cholesterol (good cholesterol).
    * Increasing fat oxidation (helps the body use fat as an energy source) and raising metabolism.
    * Joy Bauer, a New York City nutritionist, says [the catechins in green tea] increase levels of the metabolism speeding brain chemical norepinephrine.
    * Japanese researchers claim that drinking five cups of green tea a day can burn 70 to 80 extra calories. Dr. Nicholas Perricone, an anti-aging specialist, appeared on the Oprah Winfrey show and told Oprah's viewers they can lose 10 lbs (4.5 kg) in 6 weeks drinking green tea instead of coffee.

                                                                  Learn more about Lycopene 

Fruits and vegetables that are high in lycopene include tomatoes, watermelon, pink grapefruit, pink guava, papaya, red bell pepper, gac, and rosehip.        Lycopene is a bright red carotenoid pigment, a phytochemical found in tomatoes and other red fruits. Lycopene is the most common carotenoid in the human body and is one of the most potent carotenoid antioxidants. Its name is derived from the tomato's species classification, Solanum lycopersicum (formerly Lycopersicon esculentum).        Lycopene is the most powerful carotenoid quencher of singlet oxygen, being 100 times more efficient in the singlet-oxygen quenching action than Vitamin E, which in turn has 125 times the quenching action of glutathione (water soluble). Singlet oxygen produced during exposure to ultraviolet light is a primary cause of skin aging.

      During the past decade studies have been made on curcumin, the major ingredient of the curry spice, turmeric, that has a long history as a food preservative and in herbal medicine in India where levels of Alzheimer's and cancer are significantly low. As an anti-inflammatory and as an anti-cancer drug it has been shown to retard the growth specific types of malignant cells such as breast and colon cancer [11]. Recently researchers at UCLA have shown that curcumin greatly reduced the Alzheimer’s [AD] amyloid plaque burden and inflammation in a mouse model for AD [9].  Atamna [12] has shown that curcumin interferes with specific reactions of ß-Amyloid peptides within the cell. Ames and Atamna suggest these reactions of ß-Amyloid peptides, not the aggregated amyloid, may be a root cause of Alzheimer’s disease.  Additionally, Curcumin shows remarkable effects in the prevention of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis [13].  Curcumin is active in vitro  preventing oxidative stress at 1 and 2mM.  Curcumint shows efficacy to treat such conditions as Alzheimer’s disease, protecting cells against Aβ toxicity and the oxidative stress, its neutraceutical window is acceptable .

9. Lim GP,et al.  2001.The curry spice curcumin reduces oxidative damage and amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic mouse. J Neurosci 2001. 21, 8370-8377.  Yang, F. et al. Curcumin inhibits formation of amyloid beta oligomers and fibrils, binds plaques, and reduces amyloid in vivo. J. Biol. Chem. 2005. 280 5892-901
11. Kuo, S. M. 1997. Clin. Rev. Oncogenesis 8:47-69;  Verhoeven et al. 1996. Cancer Epid. Biomark. Prev. 5:733-748;  Bradlow et al. 1991. Carcinogenesis 12:1571-1574;   Lamartiniere et al. 1995. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 208:120-123
12. Atamna H, Boyle K. Amyloid-beta peptide binds with heme to form a peroxidase: relationship to the cytopathologies of Alzheimer's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006. 103(9):3381-6; Atamna H.  Heme binding to Amyloid-beta peptide: Mechanistic role in Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2006. 10(2-3):255-66.
13. Funk JL,  et al    Efficacy and mechanism of action of turmeric supplements in the treatment of experimental arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Oct 30;54(11):3452-3464.  Funk JL, Oyarzo JN, Frye JB, et al.  Turmeric extracts containing curcuminoids prevent experimental rheumatoid arthritis. J Nat Prod. 2006 Mar;69(3):351-5.